Frequently asked questions

Malaysian courts award general damages for personal injury based on the Bar Council Malaysia Revised Compendium of Personal Injury Awards (Circular 255/2018), which sets a low and high RM range for each injury head. The position within the range depends on severity, complications, and loss of amenities — how much the injury affects the claimant's occupation and lifestyle. Where a claimant has multiple injuries, courts adjust for overlap rather than naively summing each head. Special damages (medical bills, loss of earnings) are calculated separately on proof.

It is the operative reference for general damages in Malaysian personal injury claims, published by the Bar Council Malaysia and approved by the Judiciary. The current edition is the 2018 Revised Compendium (Circular 255/2018) and supersedes the 2009 Judiciary Practice Direction. It is a guideline rather than binding precedent — counsel may submit above or below where case law and facts justify.

Per the Bar Council 2018 Compendium, leg fracture ranges depend on the bone and complications. A simple femur fracture is RM21,500–RM48,500. A simple tibia fracture is RM18,000–RM30,000. Combined tibia and fibula fractures are RM21,500–RM42,000. Where there is residual shortening, ranges climb to RM36,000–RM60,000. The source caps total leg awards below an above-knee amputation (RM90,000 single leg) except in exceptional cases. See the full leg category in the injury reference.

Whiplash injury attracts a general damages range of RM9,000–RM14,500 per the Bar Council 2018 Compendium. The position within the range depends on duration of pain, residual restriction of neck movement, and impact on daily activities and occupation.

The Bar Council Compendium directs that when multiple neurological disabilities arise from a single brain injury — for example memory impairment together with personality change and motor weakness — the court awards one global figure rather than summing each head. The Rawyer calculator implements this rule by collapsing multiple Brain rows to the highest single award.

No. The figures are non-binding estimates derived from a published judicial guideline (the Bar Council Malaysia 2018 Compendium). Judges adjust for the specific facts, the claimant's profile, and overlap between injuries. The calculator does not provide legal advice. Always consult a Malaysian litigation lawyer for advice on a specific claim.

Loss of amenities (LoA) refers to how much an injury reduces the claimant's ability to enjoy life or perform their occupation. It is conceptually distinct from pain and suffering, but the Compendium's high-end figures already incorporate maximum LoA — the calculator never pushes above the source high. A pianist with a finger amputation, or a model with facial scarring, will sit at the top of the band because their LoA is severe relative to a baseline claimant.

Conveyancing legal fees in Malaysia are scaled by property value under the Solicitors' Remuneration Order 2023. The order sets bands: 1.25% on the first RM500,000, 1% on the next RM500,000, 0.8% on the next RM2,000,000, 0.7% on the next RM2,000,000, and 0.5% on the next RM2,500,000, with the residue negotiable but not less than 0.5%. Stamp duty (MOT and loan agreement) is added on top. Use the conveyance calculator for an itemised estimate.

Muslim Malaysians distribute estate primarily under Faraid (Islamic inheritance law); a wasiat (Islamic will) can only direct up to one-third of the estate to non-heirs without consent of the heirs. Non-Muslim Malaysians distribute under the Wills Act 1959 with full testamentary freedom. Rawyer offers separate drafting flows for Muslim and non-Muslim wills.

All personal injury figures are transcribed verbatim from the Bar Council Malaysia Revised Compendium of Personal Injury Awards (Circular 255/2018, 16 October 2018). Conveyancing figures follow the Solicitors' Remuneration Order 2023. We do not adjust the source numbers — the calculator only models severity, loss of amenities, and overlap on top of those bands. See methodology.